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Food Defense is the protection of food products from intentional contamination or adulteration by biological, chemical, physical, or radiological agents. It addresses additional concerns including physical, personnel and operational security.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Food Defense and Emergency Response )〕 This is in contrast to Food Safety, which is based on accidental or environmental contamination, and Food Security, which deals with individuals having access to enough food for an active, healthy life. These three terms are often conflated. Food Protection is the umbrella term encompassing both Food Defense and Food Safety. Along with protecting the food system, Food Defense also deals with prevention, protection, mitigation, response and recovery from intentional acts of adulteration.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=What Is Food Defense? )〕 ==History in the USA== *1906: The Federal Meat Inspection Act places requirements on the slaughter, processing and labeling of meat and meat products, domestic and imported.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Federal Meat Inspection Act )〕 * 1938: The Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act establishes definitions and regulation for the safety of food, drugs, and cosmetics.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act )〕 *1957: The Poultry Products Inspection Act requires the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) to inspect all domesticated birds meant for human consumption.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Poultry Products Inspection Act )〕 * November 2002: The Homeland Security Act passed by congress creates the Department of Homeland Security in response to the September 11 attacks.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Homeland Security Act )〕 * December 2003: Homeland Security Presidential Directive 7 establishes a policy to identify and prioritize critical infrastructures.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Homeland Security Presidential Directive 7 )〕 Food and Agriculture is identified as one of these infrastructures〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Critical Infrastructure Sectors )〕 * January 2004: The Homeland Security Presidential Directive 9 establishes policy to protect agriculture and food systems against terrorist attacks.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Homeland Security Presidential Directive 9 )〕 *January 2004: DHS launches Homeland Security Centers of Excellence in order to conduct research to address homeland security challenges.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Homeland Security Centers For Excellence )〕 *July 2004: The National Center for Food Protection and Defense is formally launched with the vision to "defend the safety of the food system through research and education" at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= NCFPD: Overview )〕 * January 2011: The Food Safety Modernization Act grants the FDA new authorities and powers, as well as directly providing for protections against intentional adulteration.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Protection against Intentional Adulteration, Section 106 of the Food Safety Modernization Act )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Food defense」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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